Although long-term memory consolidation is supported by sleep, it is unclear how it differs
from that during wakefulness. Our review, focusing on recent advances in the field, identifies …

Sleep is crucial for healthy cognition, including memory. The two main phases of sleep, REM
(rapid eye movement) and non-REM sleep, are associated with characteristic …

BACKGROUND The idea that memory is stored as enduring changes in the brain dates
back at least to the time of Plato and Aristotle (circa 350 BCE), but its scientific articulation …

Long-term memory formation is a major function of sleep. Based on evidence from
neurophysiological and behavioral studies mainly in humans and rodents, we consider the …

Astrocytes serve important roles that affect recruitment and function of neurons at the local
and network levels. Here we review the contributions of astrocyte signaling to synaptic …

GABAergic inhibitory circuits play an essential role in coordinating various hippocampal
functions. Several decades of work dedicated to a thorough characterization of hippocampal …

Various cognitive functions have long been known to require the hippocampus. Recently,
progress has been made in identifying the hippocampal neural activity patterns that …

The ability to form precise, episodic memories develops with age, with young children only
able to form gist-like memories that lack precision. The cellular and molecular events in the …

Adaptation to the ever-changing world is critical for survival, and our brains are particularly
tuned to remember events that differ from previous experiences. Novel experiences induce …

Sleep is pivotal for memory consolidation. According to two-stage accounts, memory traces
are gradually translocated from hippocampus to neocortex during non-rapid-eye-movement …