Unravelling the functional operation of neuronal networks and linking cellular activity to
specific behavioural outcomes are among the biggest challenges in neuroscience. In this …

The spinal cord of vertebrate animals is comprised of intrinsic circuits that are capable of
sensing the environment and generating complex motor behaviors. There are two major …

Optoelectronic systems can exert precise control over targeted neurons and pathways
throughout the brain in untethered animals, but similar technologies for the spinal cord are …

An important concept in ethology is that complex behaviors can be constructed from a set of
basic motor patterns. Identifying the set of patterns available to an animal is key to making …

All forms of locomotion are repetitive motor activities that require coordinated bilateral
activation of muscles. The executive elements of locomotor control are networks of spinal …

The episodic nature of locomotion is thought to be controlled by descending inputs from the
brainstem. Most studies have largely attributed this control to initiating excitatory signals, but …

Studies of locomotion in mice suggest that circuits controlling the alternating between left
and right limbs may have a modular organization with distinct locomotor circuits being …

The spinal cord contains neural networks that enable regionally distinct motor outputs along
the body axis. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how segment-specific motor computations …

Development of the Nervous System presents a broad and basic treatment of the
established and evolving principles of neural development as exemplified by key …

The coordination of movement across the body is a fundamental, yet poorly understood
aspect of motor control. Mutant mice with cerebellar circuit defects exhibit characteristic …