The efficient handling of wastewater pollutants is a must, since they are continuously defiling
limited fresh water resources, seriously affecting the terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial flora and …

Water scarcity has become an increasingly complex challenge with the growth of the global
population, economic expansion, and climate change, highlighting the demand for …

The fourth edition incorporating the first and second addenda, of the World Health
Organization's (WHO) Guidelines for drinking-water quality (GDWQ) builds on over 60 years …

There are significantly more microbial cells in drinking water than what can be cultured on
synthetic growth media. Nonetheless, cultivation-based heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs) …

Microbiological drinking water safety is traditionally monitored mainly by bacterial
parameters that indicate faecal contamination. These parameters correlate with gastro …

Indicator organisms are used to assess public health risk in recreational waters, to highlight
periods of challenge to drinking water treatment plants, and to determine the effectiveness of …

The safety of drinking water is evaluated by the results obtained from faecal indicators
during the stipulated controls fixed by the legislation. However, drinking-water related illness …

Availability of carbon/energy sources and temperature are the two environmental factors that
severely restrict heterotrophic growth in most ecosystems. DOC concentrations in ground …

Fast and accurate monitoring of chemical and microbiological parameters in drinking water
is essential to safeguard the consumer and to improve the understanding of treatment and …

Rapid detection of microbial cells is a challenge in microbiology, particularly when complex
indigenous communities or subpopulations varying in viability, activity and physiological …