Research on sexual selection shows that the evolution of secondary sexual characters in
males and the distribution of sex differences are more complex than was initially suggested …

Darwin developed the theory of sexual selection to account for the evolution of weaponry,
ornamentation and other secondary sexual characters that are commonly more developed …

Phenotypic plasticity is the development of different phenotypes from a single genotype,
depending on the environment. Such plasticity is a pervasive feature of life, is observed for …

The Great Lakes of East Africa are collectively the earth's most remarkable and species-rich
freshwater feature. Intrinsic biological factors and extrinsic ecological opportunities allowed …

The nonapeptide hormones arginine vasotocin and isotocin play important roles in
mediating social behaviors in fishes. Studies in a diverse range of species demonstrate …

Background Aggression is a near-universal behaviour with substantial influence on and
implications for human and animal social systems. The neurophysiological basis of …

The question of how genetic variation translates into organismal diversity has puzzled
biologists for decades. Despite recent advances in evolutionary and developmental …

The conundrum of why subordinate individuals assist dominants at the expense of their own
direct reproduction has received much theoretical and empirical attention over the last 50 …

Neuropeptides have widespread modulatory effects on behaviour and physiology and are
associated with phenotypic transitions in a variety of animals. Arginine vasotocin (AVT) is …

Behavior and physiology are regulated by both environment and social context. A central
goal in the study of the social control of behavior is to determine the underlying …