Sepsis is the life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to
infection and is the leading cause of death in intensive care units. Cardiac dysfunction …

Sepsis induces a wide range of effects on the red blood cell (RBC). Some of the effects
including altered metabolism and decreased 2, 3-bisphosphoglycerate are preventable with …

A pivotal role is suggested for mitochondrial dysfunction during the occurrence of multiorgan
failure. Understanding the precise effect of sepsis on the mitochondrial function and the …

Skeletal muscle dysfunction after critical illness, defined as ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-
AW), is a complex and multifactorial syndrome that contributes significantly to long-term …

Introduction The microcirculation supplies oxygen (O 2) and nutrients to all cells with the red
blood cell (RBC) acting as both a deliverer and sensor of O 2. In sepsis, a proinflammatory …

Impaired tissue oxygen delivery is a major cause of organ damage and failure in critically ill
patients, which can occur even when systemic parameters, including cardiac output and …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a unique and nearly ubiquitous molecule that is widely utilized as a
signaling molecule in cells throughout the body. NO is highly diffusible, labile, and multiply …

Key points The capillary module, consisting of parallel capillaries from arteriole to venule, is
classically considered as the building block of complex capillary networks. In skeletal …

When exercising humans increase their oxygen uptake (V̇O2) 20-fold above rest the
numbers are staggering: Each minute the O2 transport system-lungs, cardiovascular, active …

Even though renal hypoxia is believed to play a pivotal role in the development of acute
kidney injury, no study has specifically addressed the alterations in renal oxygenation in the …