Relative brain size has long been considered a reflection of cognitive capacities and has
played a fundamental role in developing core theories in the life sciences. Yet, the notion …

A longstanding issue in biology is whether the intelligence of animals can be predicted by
absolute or relative brain size. However, progress has been hampered by an insufficient …

Reconstructing the evolution of brain information-processing capacity is paramount for
understanding the rise of complex cognition. Comparative studies of brain evolution typically …

Relative brain sizes in birds can rival those of primates, but large-scale patterns and drivers
of avian brain evolution remain elusive. Here, we explore the evolution of the fundamental …

The mammalian brain is very distinctive for its large relative size, enlarged olfactory bulbs,
and layered isocortex. These defining traits likely evolved in the non-mammalian …

Carnivorans possess relatively large brains compared to most other mammalian clades.
Factors like environmental complexity (Cognitive Buffer Hypothesis) and diet quality …

The social brain hypothesis posits that species with larger brains tend to have greater social
complexity. Various lines of empirical evidence have supported the social brain hypothesis …

Using the voice to produce sound is a widespread form of communication and plays an
important role in contexts as diverse as parent-offspring interactions and courtship. Variation …

An in-depth investigation of the structure, neuronal mechanisms, and computations of the
frontal lobe that enable higher-level thought. Experts from neurobiology, neuroanatomy …

The cerebral cortex is the most complex structure in the mammalian brain, whose
development requires coordinated proliferation of neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) and …