Biased electrodes are common components of plasma sources and diagnostics. The plasma–
electrode interaction is mediated by an intervening sheath structure that influences …

A kinetic theory of the Bohm criterion is developed that is based on positive-exponent
velocity moments of the plasma kinetic equation. This result is contrasted with the …

A mechanism for ambipolar ion acceleration in a magnetic nozzle is proposed. The plasma
is adiabatic (ie, does not exchange energy with its surroundings) in the diverging section of …

Langmuir probe diagnostic in a multi-dipole confined hot cathode discharge has been
revisited with an improved sheath expansion model with fitted expansion parameters. The …

In collisional fluids, a number of key processes rely on the frequency of binary collisions.
Collisions seem necessary to generate a shock wave when two fluids collide fast enough, to …

The long-standing problem of plasma diffusion across a magnetic field (B-field) is reviewed,
with emphasis on low-temperature linear devices of finite length with the magnetic field …

For parameters that are applicable to the conditions at young supernova remnants, we
present results of two-dimensional, three-vector (2D3V) particle-in-cell simulations of a non …

A recent theory suggests that electrons enter electron sheaths at an electron Bohm velocity
given by (T e/me) 1/2 instead of the electron thermal velocity as conventionally assumed. To …

Collisionlessly formed downstream distributions of ions in low-Mach number shocks are
studied. General expressions for the asymptotic value of the ion density and pressure are …

Cylindrical Langmuir probe measurements in a low-pressure DC argon discharge are used
to obtain the spatial evolution of ion, cold and hot electron parameters across the cathodic …