BACKGROUND Historically, cancer has been considered a disease of the cell, caused by
mutations in genes that control proliferation, differentiation, and death. In recent decades …

The survival of vertebrate organisms depends on highly regulated delivery of oxygen and
nutrients through vascular networks that pervade nearly all tissues in the body …

Human organoids, self-organized and differentiated from homogenous pluripotent stem cells
(PSC), replicate the key structural and functional characteristics of their in vivo counterparts …

The formation of new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, is a complex process that plays
important roles in growth and development, tissue and organ regeneration, as well as …

Flowing blood generates a frictional force called shear stress that has major effects on
vascular function. Branches and bends of arteries are exposed to complex blood flow …

Drug development suffers from a lack of predictive and human-relevant in vitro models.
Organ-on-chip (OOC) technology provides advanced culture capabilities to generate …

Although the clinical demand for bioengineered blood vessels continues to rise, current
options for vascular conduits remain limited. The synergistic combination of emerging …

Blood and lymphatic vessels pervade almost all body tissues and have numerous essential
roles in physiology and disease. The inner lining of these networks is formed by a single …

Endothelial cells (ECs) lining all blood vessels are subjected to large mechanical stresses
that regulate their structure and function in health and disease. Here, we review EC …

Tumor vasculature creates a hostile tumor microenvironment (TME) in vivo and nourishes
cancers, resulting in cancer progression and drug resistance. To mimic the biochemical and …