Taxes, bankruptcy costs, transactions costs, adverse selection, and agency conflicts have all
been advocated as major explanations for the corporate use of debt financing. These ideas …

The rising prominence of intra-industry trade and huge multinationals has transformed the
way economists think about the gains from trade. In the past, we focused on gains that …

Environmental provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) are increasing in terms of
their number and variety. The economic effects of these environmental provisions remain …

Digital platforms have been developing fast which transform the benefits and costs of rapid
internationalization of firms on them. Employing transaction cost economics perspective, we …

Market size matters for innovation and hence for productivity. Improved access to foreign
markets will thus encourage firms to simultaneously export and invest in raising productivity …

Rapid export expansion into institutionally distant locations has become more possible in
the era of digital economy. Will such rapid expansion bring desirable outcome to firms? In a …

In anticipation of the upcoming changes and turbulence caused by Industry 4.0, in which
digital integration connects all value chain members, managers at leading multinational …

We examine the potential impact of TTIP through trade-cost reductions, applying a mix of
econometric and computational methods to develop estimates of the benefits (and costs) for …

Purpose From the perspective of the institution and internationalization speed, the article
discusses the internal mechanism of cross-border e-commerce selection mode, as well as …

This paper analyzes mergers and acquisitions (M&As) as a channel of industrial
restructuring after trade liberalization. Using the Canada–United States Free Trade …