Theoretical, analytical, and experimental investigations of electrospray operation in vacuum
facilities show that secondary species emission (SSE) plays a significant role in the behavior …

Ionic liquid electrosprays can emit a polydisperse population of charged droplets, clusters,
and molecular ions at high velocity. Secondary species emission (SSE) is a term that …

The present work introduces a novel energetic ionic liquid (EIL), the 1, 3-dibutyl-imidazolium
nitrate [BBIm][NO 3], that demonstrates interesting features such as symmetrical cation's …

Electrospray devices, such as ionic liquid ion sources, often exhibit glows during operation
in high vacuum facilities. The lack of electron excitation mechanisms during electrospray …

Ionic liquids (ILs) have become increasingly popular due to their useful and unique
properties, yet there are still many unanswered questions regarding their fundamental …

Ionic liquid (IL) development efforts have focused on achieving desired properties via tuning
of the IL through variation of the cations and anions. However, works geared toward a …

Ionic liquids (ILs) exhibit unique properties that have led to their development and
widespread use for a variety of applications. Development efforts have generally focused on …

Ionic liquids are useful for many applications and the structural diversity as a class is ever
increasing. Knowledge of gas-phase dissociation pathways can inform analytical method …

Ionic liquids are an interesting class of compounds, with distinct properties compared to both
high melting point crystalline ionic compounds and typical molecular liquids. Given such …

Imidazolium-based cations and the hexafluorophosphate anion are among the most
commonly used ionic liquids (ILs). Yet, the nature and strength of the intrinsic cation–anion …