Spermatogenesis and folliculogenesis involve cell–cell interactions and gene expression
orchestrated by luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH …

Spermatogenesis is a concerted sequence of events during maturation of spermatogonia
into spermatozoa. The process involves differential gene-expression and cell-cell interplay …

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has become the most commonly used method of
fertilization in assisted reproductive technology. The primary reasons for its popularity stem …

Background Oligo‐astheno‐teratozoospermia is frequently reported in men from infertile
couples. Its etiology remains, in the majority of cases, unknown with a variety of factors to …

Approximately 7% of men suffer from fertility problems, the etiology of which are ascribable
to a number of factors acting at pretesticular, posttesticular, or testicular levels. About 20% of …

Conventional semen analyses have limitations in male infertility diagnosis and prognosis.
Assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) has been proposed to discriminate fertile …

Abstract Purpose Infertility affects 15–20% of couples and male factors are present in about
half of the cases. For many aspects related to the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of …

Background: Human reproduction is regulated by the combined action of the follicle-
stimulating hormone (FSH) and the luteinizing hormone (LH) on the gonads. Although FSH …

Background Sperm chromatin integrity is essential for normal embryo development and
pregnancy outcome. Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) testing constitutes a diagnostic tool to …

Follicle-stimulating hormone signaling is essential for the initiation and early stages of
spermatogenesis. Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor is exclusively expressed in Sertoli …