The study of plant mitochondria started in earnest around 1950 with the first isolations of
mitochondria from animal and plant tissues. The first 35 years were spent establishing the …

Nitrogen is a limiting resource for plant growth in most terrestrial habitats since large
amounts of nitrogen are needed to synthesize nucleic acids and proteins. Among the 21 …

Proline has long been known to accumulate in plants experiencing water limitation and this
has driven studies of proline as a beneficial solute allowing plants to increase cellular …

Dramatic accumulation of proline due to increased synthesis and decreased degradation
under a variety of stress conditions such as salt, drought and metal has been documented in …

The establishment of ordered neuronal connections is supposed to take place under the
control of specific cell adhesion molecules (CAM) which guide neuroblasts and axons to …

Compatible osmolytes are potent osmoprotectants that play a role in counteracting the
effects of osmotic stress. Proline (Pro) is one of the most common compatible osmolytes in …

Accumulation of proline in higher plants is an indication of disturbed physiological condition,
triggered by biotic or abiotic stress condition. Free proline content can increase upon …

The metabolism of the non-essential amino acid L-proline is emerging as a key pathway in
the metabolic rewiring that sustains cancer cells proliferation, survival and metastatic …

The respiratory electron transport chain (ETC) couples electron transfer from organic
substrates onto molecular oxygen with proton translocation across the inner mitochondrial …

Still widely used as gene markers, isozymes detected by zymogram techniques have proven
valuable in a range of other biological applications over the last few years. Along with these …