Although positive reciprocity (reciprocal altruism) has been a focus of interest in evolutionary
biology, negative reciprocity (retaliatory infliction of fitness reduction) has been largely …

The authors hypothesize that depressed states evolved to minimize risk in social interactions
in which individuals perceive that the ratio of their social value to others, and their social …

Advances in the social sciences have emerged through a variety of research methods: field-
based research, laboratory and field experiments, and agent-based models. However …

An informational cascade occurs when it is optimal for an individual, having observed the
actions of those ahead of him, to follow the behavior of the preceding individual without …

In Order without Law, Robert Ellickson shows that law is far less important than is generally
thought. He demonstrates that people largely govern themselves by means of informal rules …

Extensive empirical evidence and theoretical developments in multiple disciplines stimulate
a need to expand the range of rational choice models to be used as a foundation for the …

Casual evidence as well as daily experience suggest that many people have a strong
aversion against being the “sucker” in social dilemma situations. As a consequence, those …

Environments with public goods are a wonderful playground for those interested in delicate
experimental problems, serious theoretical challenges, and difficult mechanism design …

Existing models suggest that reciprocity is unlikely to evolve in large groups as a result of
natural selection. In these models, reciprocators punish noncooperation by with-holding …

This research tested the idea that the risk of exclusion from one's group motivates group
members to engage in unethical behaviors that secure better outcomes for the group (pro …