Simple Summary Haemonchus contortus is the most pathogenic blood-feeding parasitic
nematode in sheep and goats, threatening animal welfare and causing tremendous …

Esterases are hydrolases that contribute to the hydrolysis of ester bonds into both water-
soluble acyl esters and emulsified glycerol-esters containing short-chain acyl groups. They …

Orthonectida is a group of multicellular endoparasites of a wide range of marine
invertebrates. Their parasitic stage is a multinuclear shapeless plasmodium infiltrating host …

Th9 cells have been shown to play crucial roles in anti-parasite immunity, pathogenic
microbe infection, and allergy. Previous studies have demonstrated that Haemonchus …

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a type II transmembrane protein with either membrane-
bound or soluble forms and is a prototypical member of the TNF superfamily. TNF-α is a …

Abstract Background Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP6) is a key enzyme in the
trehalose biosynthesis pathway. The accumulation of TPP6 inside the body is harmful to the …

The prevention, treatment and control of Haemonchus contortus have been increasingly
problematic due to its widespread occurrence and anthelmintic resistance. There are very …

Background: Haemonchus contortus is a parasite widely distributed in tropical, subtropical,
and warm temperate regions, causing significant economic losses in the livestock industry …

Eimeria maxima microneme protein 3 (EmMIC3) is pivotal in the initial recognition and
attachment of E. maxima sporozoites to host cells. EmMIC3 comprises 5 tandem Type I …

Th9 cells play a crucial role in parasite immunity. The development of Th9 cells is facilitated
by several cytokines. Key transcription factors, such as STAT6, STAT5, and PU. 1, are known …