Sox transcription factors play widespread roles during development; however, their versatile
funtions have a relatively simple basis: the binding of a Sox protein alone to DNA does not …

Two major functions of the mammalian ovary are the production of germ cells (oocytes),
which allow continuation of the species, and the generation of bioactive molecules, primarily …

Spermatogenesis is a differentiation process during which diploid spermatogonial stem cells
(SSCs) produce haploid spermatozoa. This highly specialized process is precisely …

Sex chromosomes harbour a primary sex-determining signal that triggers sexual
development of the organism. However, diverse sex chromosome systems have been …

UTX (KDM6A) and UTY are homologous X and Y chromosome members of the Histone H3
Lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylase gene family. UTX can demethylate H3K27; however, in vitro …

Normal hypothalamopituitary development is closely related to that of the forebrain and is
dependent upon a complex genetic cascade of transcription factors and signaling molecules …

Approximately 10% of humans with anophthalmia (absent eye) or severe microphthalmia
(small eye) show haploid insufficiency due to mutations in SOX2, a SOXB1-HMG box …

Maintain stemness, commit to a specific lineage, differentiate, proliferate, or die. These are
essential decisions that every cell is constantly challenged to make in multi-cellular …

The pivotal point of vertebrate sex determination is the development of the gonad into a
testis or ovary, which governs phenotypic sex through the production of hormones. The …

Sex-specific gonadal development starts with formation of the bipotential gonad, which then
differentiates into either a mature testis or an ovary. This process is dependent on activation …