Phosphoantigens glue butyrophilin 3A1 and 2A1 to activate Vγ9Vδ2 T cells

L Yuan, X Ma, Y Yang, Y Qu, X Li, X Zhu, W Ma, J Duan… - Nature, 2023 - nature.com
In both cancer and infections, diseased cells are presented to human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells
through an 'inside out'signalling process whereby structurally diverse phosphoantigen (pAg) …

Phosphoantigen sensing combines TCR-dependent recognition of the BTN3A IgV domain and germline interaction with BTN2A1

CR Willcox, M Salim, CR Begley, MM Karunakaran… - Cell Reports, 2023 - cell.com
Summary Vγ9Vδ2 T cells play critical roles in microbial immunity by detecting target cells
exposed to pathogen-derived phosphoantigens (P-Ags). Target cell expression of BTN3A1 …

Caveat: Monoclonal antibodies 20.1 and 103.2 bind all human BTN3A proteins and are not suited to study BTN3A1-specific features

T Herrmann - Proceedings of the National Academy of …, 2023 - National Acad Sciences
The title of Zhou et al.(1) claims that “Up-regulation of BTN3A1 on CD14+ cells promotes
Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation in psoriasis.” The study nicely confirms in quite some detail that …

[HTML][HTML] Butyrophilin 2a2 (Btn2a2) expression on thymic epithelial cells promotes central T cell tolerance and prevents autoimmune disease

M Frech, H Danzer, P Uchil, V Azizov, E Schmid… - Journal of …, 2023 - Elsevier
Butyrophilins are surface receptors belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. While
several members of the butyrophilin family have been implicated in the development of …

Diester Prodrugs of a Phosphonate Butyrophilin Ligand Display Improved Cell Potency, Plasma Stability, and Payload Internalization

U Singh, G Pawge, S Rani, CHC Hsiao… - Journal of medicinal …, 2023 - ACS Publications
Activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with butyrophilin 3A1 (BTN3A1) agonists such as (E)-4-hydroxy-
3-methyl-but-2-enyl diphosphate (HMBPP) has the potential to boost the immune response …

Mutations to the BTN2A1 Linker Region Impact Its Homodimerization and Its Cytoplasmic Interaction with Phospho-Antigen–Bound BTN3A1

K Nguyen, Y Jin, M Howell, CHC Hsiao… - The Journal of …, 2023 - journals.aai.org
Intracellular binding of small-molecule phospho-Ags to the HMBPP receptor complex in
infected cells leads to extracellular detection by T cells expressing the Vγ9Vδ2 TCR, a …