Emoticon, emoji, and sticker use in computer-mediated communication: A review of theories and research findings

Y Tang, KF Hew - International journal of communication, 2019 - ijoc.org
In this study, we conduct a systematic review of the theories and empirical research findings
related to the use of emoticons, emoji, and stickers in computer-mediated communication …

[HTML][HTML] Emoji as digital gestures

L Gawne, G McCulloch - Language@ internet, 2019 - languageatinternet.org
Emoji (small coloured images encoded like text) went from unavailable outside Japan in
2010 to active use by 92% of the world's online population in 2016. Their sharp rise is often …

Are emojis processed like words?: Eye movements reveal the time course of semantic processing for emojified text

E Barach, LB Feldman, H Sheridan - Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2021 - Springer
Emojis have many functions that support reading. Most obviously, they convey semantic
information and support reading comprehension (Lo, CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11 [5] …

Communicative functions of emoji sequences on Sina Weibo

J Ge, SC Herring - First Monday, 2018 - firstmonday.org
The popular press is currently rife with speculation that emoji are becoming a global,
digitally-mediated language. Sequences of emoji that function like verbal utterances …

[HTML][HTML] The processing of emoji-word substitutions: A self-paced-reading study

T Scheffler, L Brandt, M de la Fuente… - Computers in Human …, 2022 - Elsevier
In computer-mediated communication, emojis can be used for various purposes. As small
graphical images, many emojis depict abstract or concrete objects ideogrammatically. We …

How emotional are emoji?: Exploring the effect of emotional valence on the processing of emoji stimuli

LK Kaye, S Rodriguez-Cuadrado, SA Malone… - Computers in Human …, 2021 - Elsevier
Emoji are vastly becoming an integral part of everyday communication, yet little is
understood about the extent to which these are processed emotionally. Previous research …

The grammar of emoji? Constraints on communicative pictorial sequencing

N Cohn, J Engelen, J Schilperoord - Cognitive research: principles and …, 2019 - Springer
Emoji have become a prominent part of interactive digital communication. Here, we ask the
questions: does a grammatical system govern the way people use emoji; and how do emoji …

The study of emoji linguistic behaviour: an examination of the theses raised (and not raised) in the academic literature

E Ferrari - Communication & Society, 2023 - revistas.unav.edu
This bibliographic review of academic research on emoji reveals how the bulk of studies
accepts it as a language but do not develop detailed linguistic analysis that could support …

The lexicon of emoji? Conventionality modulates processing of emoji

B Weissman, J Engelen, E Baas, N Cohn - Cognitive Science, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
Emoji have been ubiquitous in communication for over a decade, yet how they derive
meaning remains underexplored. Here, we examine an aspect fundamental to linguistic …

The multidimensional lexicon of emojis: A new tool to assess the emotional content of emojis

R Godard, S Holtzman - Frontiers in Psychology, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Emerging studies suggest that emojis can make important contributions to the emotional
content and meaning of digital messages. Yet researchers currently lack adequate tools to …