Disuse osteoporosis describes a state of bone loss due to local skeletal unloading or
systemic immobilization. This review will discuss advances in the field that have shed light …

As bones are levers for skeletal muscle to exert forces, both are complementary and
essential for locomotion and individual autonomy. In the past decades, the idea of a bone …

Understanding how bones are innately designed, robustly developed and delicately
maintained through intricate anatomical features and physiological processes across the …

Long-duration bed rest is widely employed to simulate the effects of microgravity on various
physiological systems, especially for studies of bone, muscle, and the cardiovascular …

Prolonged periods of skeletal muscle inactivity or mechanical unloading (bed rest, hindlimb
unloading, immobilization, spaceflight and reduced step) can result in a significant loss of …

Whilst exposure to vibration is traditionally regarded as perilous, recent research has
focussed on potential benefits. Here, the physical principles of forced oscillations are …

Many biological tissues, such as wood and bone, are fiber composites with a hierarchical
structure. Their exceptional mechanical properties are believed to be due to a functional …

The Bioarchaeology of Metabolic Bone Disease, Second Edition is a comprehensive source
dedicated to better understanding this group of conditions that have significant …

Experiencing real weightlessness in space is a dream for many of us who are interested in
space research. Although space traveling fascinates us, it can cause both short-term and …

Humans are spending an increasing amount of time in space, where exposure to conditions
of microgravity causes 1–2% bone loss per month in astronauts. Through data collected …