This paper begins by surveying recent economic studies of the relationships between
technology transfer, intellectual property, innovation and diffusion in emerging countries. It …

This paper examines innovation, patents, research and development, intellectual protection,
information technology, and other related activities in the Middle East and North Africa …

In a perfect competition market system, there is no firm with market power, differentiated
products, and there are no restrictions on entry or exit. However, economists have argued …

The TRIPS agreement states that Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) protection should
contribute to the promotion of technological innovation, economic welfare, and to the transfer …

The process of globalization and the emergence of a rules-based multilateral trading system
pose significant challenges to local pharmaceutical industries in developing countries. With …