Background Despite initial reports of a decline in use in the early 2000s, methamphetamine
remains a significant public health concern with known neurotoxic and neurocognitive …

Opioid receptors are widely distributed in the human body and are crucially involved in
numerous physiological processes. These include pain signaling in the central and the …

The goal of this guideline1 is to improve the quality of care and treatment outcomes for
patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), as defined by DSM-5 (American Psychiatric …

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) encompasses the dysregulation of multiple brain circuits
involved in executive function leading to excessive consumption of alcohol, despite negative …

Evidence has demonstrated that dynorphin (DYN) and the kappa opioid receptor (KOR)
system contribute to various psychiatric disorders, including anxiety, depression, and …

This paper is the thirty-fifth consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2012 …

Attributes of alcohol sensitivity are present before alcohol use disorders (AUD s) develop,
they predict those adverse alcohol outcomes, are familial in nature, and many are heritable …

Although buprenorphine and methadone are both effective treatments for opioid
dependence, their efficacy can vary significantly among patients. Genetic differences may …

Alcohol abuse and alcoholism incur a heavy socioeconomic cost in many countries. Both
genetic and environmental factors contribute to variation in the inebriating effects of alcohol …

Background Annually, the use and abuse of alcohol contributes to millions of deaths and
billions of dollars in societal costs. To determine the impact of genetic variation on the …