Many complex molecular interactions are involved in the process of craniofacial
development. Consequently, the network is sensitive to genetic mutations that may result in …

Abstract Skeletal Class III (SCIII) is among the most challenging craniofacial
dysmorphologies to treat. There is, however, a knowledge gap regarding which syndromes …

Background: Patients with Crouzon syndrome develop various types of anatomic deformities
due to different forms of craniosynostosis, yet they have similar craniofacial characteristics …

Background: Apert syndrome causes normal or enlarged intracranial volume overall as
patients grow. This study aimed to trace the segmental anterior, middle, and posterior cranial …

Background: The association of isolated craniosynostosis and the influence of syndromic
forms confound the understanding of craniofacial morphologic development. This study …

Background: Apert syndrome is characterized by eyelid dysmorphology, V-pattern
strabismus, extraocular muscle excyclorotation, and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). We …

Apert syndrome is an inherited condition with autosomal dominant transmission. It is also
known as acrocephalosyndactyly type I, being characterized by a syndrome of …

Background: Little is known about the detailed growth of the sphenoidal and temporal
bones, even though they contribute significantly to the cranial base and cranial fossa …

Background: Pfeiffer syndrome is a rare syndromic craniosynostosis disorder, with a wide
range of clinical manifestations. This study aims to investigate the structural abnormalities of …

This study aims to investigate the influence of different cranial vault suture synostoses on
orbital and periorbital morphological development in Crouzon syndrome. Computed …