The MAVEN spacecraft launched in November 2013, arrived at Mars in September 2014,
and completed commissioning and began its one-Earth-year primary science mission in …

The nature of the early martian climate is one of the major unanswered questions of
planetary science. Key challenges remain, but a new wave of orbital and in situ observations …

The detection of liquid water by the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere
Sounding (MARSIS) at the base of the south polar layered deposits in Ultimi Scopuli has …

INTRODUCTION Remote observational data suggest that large bodies of standing water
existed on the surface of Mars in its early history. This would have required a much wetter …

INTRODUCTION The primary goal of NASA's Curiosity rover mission is to explore and
quantitatively assess a local region on Mars' surface as a potential habitat for past or present …

One popular view of Venus' climate history describes a world that has spent much of its life
with surface liquid water, plate tectonics, and a stable temperate climate. Part of the basis for …

We present here a new solution for the astronomical computation of the insolation quantities
on Earth spanning from-250 Myr to 250 Myr. This solution has been improved with respect to …

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the outermost of the rocky, terrestrial planets that
make up the inner solar system. Of this planetary family, Mars is only larger than Mercury …

A committee of the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG) has reviewed and
updated the description of Special Regions on Mars as places where terrestrial organisms …

Mars accumulated and differentiated into crust, mantle and core within a few tens of millions
of years of Solar System formation. Formation of Hellas, which has been adopted as the …