The amyloid-β oligomer (AβO) hypothesis was introduced in 1998. It proposed that the brain
damage leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD) was instigated by soluble, ligand-like AβOs …

Although glutamate is one of the most important excitatory neurotransmitters of the central
nervous system, its excessive extracellular concentration leads to uncontrolled continuous …

When epidermal growth factor and its relatives bind the ErbB family of receptors, they trigger
a rich network of signalling pathways, culminating in responses ranging from cell division to …

At least 468 individual genes have been manipulated by molecular methods to study their
effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of atherosclerosis. Most clinicians and …

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases comprise a family of ubiquitous proline-directed,
protein-serine/threonine kinases, which participate in signal transduction pathways that …

The molecular details of mammalian stress-activated signal transduction pathways have
only begun to be dissected. This, despite the fact that the impact of these pathways on the …

The normal development and maintenance of the prostate is dependent on androgen acting
through the androgen receptor (AR). AR remains important in the development and …

▪ Abstract Src family protein tyrosine kinases are activated following engagement of many
different classes of cellular receptors and participate in signaling pathways that control a …

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is one of the most important
pathways that regulate growth, survival, proliferation, and differentiation in mammalian cells …

Publisher Summary The chapter introduces the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase
(MAPK) module. The identification of MAP kinase pathways exemplifies the power of …