Illiterates represent a significant proportion of the world's population. Written language not
only plays a role in mediating cognition, but also extends our knowledge of the world. Two …

Depictive expressions of thought predate written language by thousands of years. They
have evolved in communities through a kind of informal user testing that has refined them …

The idea that concepts are embodied by our motor and sensory systems is popular in
current theorizing about cognition. Embodied cognition accounts come in different versions …

Becoming literate has been argued to have a range of social, economic and psychological
effects. Less examined is the extent to which repercussions of becoming literate may vary as …

The interest in healthy food has grown rapidly amongst both consumers and food
manufacturers in recent years. However, which foods should be considered healthy is …

A growing amount of evidence confirms the influence of reading and writing habits on
visuospatial processing, although this phenomenon has been so far testified mainly as a …

At present, more than one‐fifth of humanity is unable to read and write. We critically examine
experimental evidence and theories of how (il) literacy affects the human mind. In our …

Like the sequence of words in written language, comic book page layouts direct images into
a deliberate reading sequence. Conventional wisdom would expect that comic panels follow …

We argue that the direction in which language is written in a given culture produces a subtle
bias in the interpretation of human action. The same action (eg, athletic performance or …

Spatial thought is not an internalized video of experience but rather a construction carved
out of experience. Objects, categories, orderings: These constructive processes sharpen …