Plants have evolved a repertoire of monitoring systems to sense plant morphogenesis and
to face environmental changes and threats caused by different attackers. These systems …

Pectin is a family of complex polysaccharides present in all plant primary cell walls. The
complicated structure of the pectic polysaccharides, and the retention by plants of the large …

While the chemical nature of reactive oxygen species (ROS) dictates that they are potentially
harmful to cells, recent genetic evidence suggests that in planta purely physicochemical …

Mechanical signals play many roles in cell and developmental biology. Several
mechanotransduction pathways have been uncovered, but the mechanisms identified so far …

Prospective plant pathogens must overcome the physical barrier presented by the plant cell
wall. In addition to being a preformed, passive barrier limiting access of pathogens to plant …

Fungi cause severe diseases on a broad range of crop and ornamental plants, leading to
significant economical losses. Plant pathogenic fungi exhibit a huge variability in their mode …

Plants have evolved sensory mechanisms to detect pathogen attack and trigger signalling
pathways that induce rapid defence responses. These mechanisms include not only direct …

Biotic and abiotic stresses stimulate the synthesis of jasmonates and ethylene, which, in
turn, induce the expression of genes involved in stress response and enhance defense …

Plant-pathogenic oomycetes include numerous species that are ongoing threats to
agriculture and natural ecosystems. Understanding the molecular dialogs between …

Lectins are fundamental to plant life and have important roles in cell-to-cell communication;
development and defence strategies. At the cell surface; lectins are present both as soluble …