Background In the current healthcare environment, an alarming rise in multi-drug resistant
bacterial infections has led to a global health threat. The lack of new antibiotics has created …

Biofilms are microbial communities attached to a surface and embedded in an extracellular
polymeric substance which provides for the protection, stability and nutrients of the various …

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious complication from diabetes mellitus, with a huge
economic, social and psychological impact on the patients' life. One of the main reasons why …

Bacteria form multicellular communities known as biofilms that cause two thirds of all
infections and demonstrate a 10 to 1000 fold increase in adaptive resistance to conventional …

The problem of drug resistance of food borne pathogens is becoming more and more
serious. Although traditional antimicrobial agents have good therapeutic effects on a variety …

Biofilms cause up to 80% of infections and are difficult to treat due to their substantial
multidrug resistance compared to their planktonic counterparts. Based on the observation …

The ability to form biofilms is a critical factor in chronic infections by Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and has made this bacterium a model organism with respect to biofilm formation …

For the past ten years, the developmental model of microbial biofilm formation has served as
the major conceptual framework for biofilm research; however, the paradigmatic value of this …

Remarkable technological advances have revealed ever more properties and behaviours of
individual microorganisms, but the novel data generated by these techniques have not yet …

When grown as a biofilm in laboratory flow chambers Pseudomonas aeruginosa can
develop mushroom‐shaped multicellular structures consisting of distinct subpopulations in …