Conserved signaling pathways that activate the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)
are involved in relaying extracellular stimulations to intracellular responses. The MAPKs …

Publisher Summary The chapter introduces the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase
(MAPK) module. The identification of MAP kinase pathways exemplifies the power of …

Mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinases bind tightly to many of their physiologically
relevant substrates. We have identified a new subfamily of murine serine/threonine kinases …

A signaling pathway has been elucidated whereby growth factors activate the transcription
factor cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB), a critical …

Extracellular signals activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades to execute
complex cellular programs, like proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In mammalian …

Microphthalmia (Mi) is a bHLHZip transcription factor that is essential for melanocyte
development and postnatal function. It is thought to regulate both differentiated features of …

Although classically studied as regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation, mitogen-
activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are highly expressed in post-mitotic neurons of the adult …

The initial event in the neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells is the binding of the
neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF) to the Trk receptor. This interaction stimulates the …

PTP‐SL and STEP protein tyrosine phosphatases regulate the activation of the extracellular
signal‐regulated kinases ERK1 and ERK2 by association through a kinase interaction motif …

[Frontiers in Bioscience 13, 4258-4275, May 1, 2008] 4258 The RSK factors of activating the
Ras/MAPK signaling cascade Audrey Ca Page 1 [Frontiers in Bioscience 13, 4258-4275, May …