It was suggested in 1986 that cue-induced cocaine craving increases progressively during
early abstinence and remains high during extended periods of time. Clinical evidence now …

Addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder, in that most addicted individuals who choose to
quit taking drugs fail to maintain abstinence in the long-term. Relapse is especially likely …

Background Comorbidity of anxiety disorders, stressor-and trauma-related disorders, and
substance use disorders is extremely common. Moreover, therapies that reduce pathological …

BACKGROUND: The neurobiology of bulimia nervosa (BN) is poorly understood. Recent
animal literature suggests that binge eating is associated with altered brain dopamine (DA) …

Impulsivity is closely associated with addictive disorders, and changes in the brain
dopamine system have been proposed to affect impulse control in reward-related behaviors …

In the search for efficacious pharmacotherapies to treat cocaine addiction much attention
has been given to agents targeting dopamine D1 or D3 receptors because of the …

Continued gambling to recover losses—'loss chasing'—is a prominent feature of social and
pathological gambling. However, little is known about the neuromodulators that influence …

Glutamatergic neurotransmission in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) plays an
important role in many behaviors including anxiety, memory consolidation and …

Background Recent research in humans and rodents has explored the use of deep brain
stimulation (DBS) of the ventral capsule/ventral striatum (VS) as a possible treatment for …

Addiction to psychostimulants, including cocaine and amphetamine, is associated with
dysregulation of dopamine and serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter systems …