This paper theorizes three forms of bias that might limit women's representation: outright
hostility, double standards, and a double bind whereby desired traits present bigger burdens …

Women's underrepresentation in American politics is often attributed to relatively low levels
of political ambition. Yet scholarship still grapples with a major leak in the pipeline to power …

Scholars of distributive politics often emphasize partisanship and clientelism. However, as
Jennifer Bussell demonstrates in Clients and Constituents, legislators in" patronage …

Although public administration scholars have long studied discrimination on the basis of
race/ethnicity, class, and gender, little to no research exists on whether street‐level …

Administrators can use their discretion to discriminate in the provision of public services via
two mechanisms. They make decisions to allocate public services, allowing them to …

Audit experiments are used to measure discrimination in a large number of domains
(Employment: Bertrand et al.(2004); Legislator responsiveness: Butler et al.(2011); Housing …

Receiving help can make or break a career, but women and racial/ethnic minorities do not
always receive the support they seek. Across two audit experiments—one with politicians …

A growing body of literature investigates whether legislators show biases in their
constituency communication contingent upon constituent traits. However, we know little …

To what extent does racial/ethnic discrimination in America differ across contexts? In this
paper, we provide the largest and most comprehensive review of racial/ethnic discrimination …

Correspondence audit studies are becoming more prevalent in the field of Public
Administration (PA). We explain the benefits and limitations of audit studies and provide a …