Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal occurring in the environment naturally and is also
generated through various anthropogenic sources and acts as a pollutant. Human health is …

Many trace metals are essential micronutrients, but also potent toxins. Due to natural and
anthropogenic causes, vastly different trace metal concentrations occur in various habitats …

Soil flooding creates composite and complex stress in plants known as either submergence
or waterlogging stress depending on the depth of the water table. In nature, these stresses …

Nutrient imbalance (ie, deficiency and toxicity) of microelements is an outstanding
environmental issue that influences each aspect of ecosystems. Although the crucial roles of …

Nitrate reductase (NR) is a key enzyme for nitrogen acquisition by plants, algae, yeasts, and
fungi. Nitrate, its main substrate, is required for signaling and is widely distributed in diverse …

Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) has emerged as a potential gasotransmitter in plants with a
beneficial role in stress amelioration. Despite the various known functions of H 2 S in plants …

There is lack of information about the effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on cucumber fruit
quality. This study aimed to determine possible impacts on carbohydrates, proteins, mineral …

The functions of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, molybdenum, boron, and chlorine in
plants are discussed. Iron (Fe) plays a crucial role in redox systems in cells and various …

Soybean (Glycine max) is a crop of global significance and has low reliance on N fertilizers
due to its biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) capacity, which harvests ambient N2 as a critical …

Malnutrition causes diseases, immune system disorders, deterioration in physical growth,
mental development, and learning capacity worldwide. Micronutrient deficiency, known as …