Due to their high reactivity, chemical versatility and economic competitiveness,
formaldehyde-based poly-condensation adhesives are used in huge amounts-in 2010 in the …

In recent years, bio-based wood adhesives have gained an increased industrial and
research interest as an environmentally friendly and renewable alternative to the …

Citric acid (CA) can be found naturally in fruits and vegetables, particularly citrus fruit. CA is
widely used in many fields but its usage as a green modifying agent and binder for wood is …

This series of critical reviews on Wood Adhesives Based on Natural Resources (in total four
parts) describes the experience and actual status of wood adhesives based on natural …

Various naturally‐based chemicals can be used directly as wood adhesives or are
precursors for the synthesis of adhesive resins. Liquefaction and pyrolysis of wood yield …

This Part II of the series of critical reviews on Wood Adhesives Based on Natural Resources
concentrates on the various carbohydrates and their decomposition products, which might …

Novel approaches for a non-toxic protection of timber have been investigated and referred to
as “wood modification”. Especially, chemical impregnation modifications show promising …

Particle of sorghum bagasse (SB) and molasses are by-products of sugar factories which
potential as resources to manufacture renewable composite. The aims of this study are to …

The study investigated the effects of the addition of starch on the properties of oil palm
biomass particleboard bonded with citric acid. Three kinds of oil palm biomasses were used …

Cocoa drinks are made from powdered cocoa beans that have been processed. Cocoa
powder has antioxidants, but processing may lower the antioxidant activity. Therefore …