It has been> 20 years since the formation of G-quadruplex (G4) secondary structures in
gene promoters was first linked to the regulation of gene expression. Since then, the …

R-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures that are abundant and widespread across
the genome and that have important physiological roles in many nuclear processes. Their …

Abstract i-Motifs (iMs) are four-stranded DNA structures that form at cytosine (C)-rich
sequences in acidic conditions in vitro. Their formation in cells is still under debate. We …

Background The binding of transcription factors (TF) to genomic targets is critical in the
regulation of gene expression. Short, double-stranded DNA sequence motifs are routinely …

In addition to the canonical right-handed double helix, other DNA structures, termed 'non-B
DNA', can form in the genomes across the tree of life. Non-B DNA regulates multiple cellular …

Single-stranded genomic DNA can fold into G-quadruplex (G4) structures or form DNA: RNA
hybrids (R loops). Recent evidence suggests that such non-canonical DNA structures affect …

G-quadruplexes (G4s) are noncanonical DNA secondary structures formed through the self-
association of guanines, and G4s are distributed widely across the genome. G4 participates …

Around 3% of the genome consists of simple DNA repeats that are prone to forming
alternative (non-B) DNA structures, such as hairpins, cruciforms, triplexes (H-DNA), four …

G-quadruplexes (G4s) are non-canonical secondary nucleic acid structures. Sequences with
the potential to form G4s are abundant in regulatory regions of the genome including …

High-order chromatin organization plays an important role in biological processes and
disease development. Previous studies revealed a widespread occurrence of guanine …