Several healthy developmental processes such as pregnancy, fetal development, and infant
development include a multitude of physiological changes: weight gain, hormonal, and …

The microbiome has been proven to be associated with many diseases and has been used
as a biomarker and target in disease prevention and intervention. Currently, the vital role of …

Human microbial communities are characterized by their taxonomic, metagenomic and
metabolic diversity, which varies by distinct body sites and influences human physiology …

Mode of delivery strongly influences the early infant gut microbiome. Children born by
cesarean section (C-section) lack Bacteroides species until 6–18 months of age. One …

Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk for offspring obesity and non-alcoholic
fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the causal drivers of this association are unclear. Early …

Importance Maternal overweight, which often results in cesarean delivery, is a strong risk
factor for child overweight. Little is known about the joint contribution of birth mode and …

Background Emerging evidence suggests that the in utero environment is not sterile as once
presumed. Work in the mouse demonstrated transmission of commensal bacteria from …

Early life, including the establishment of the intestinal microbiome, represents a critical
window of growth and development. Postnatal factors affecting the microbiome, including …

Communities of microbiota have been associated with numerous health outcomes, and
while much emphasis has been placed on the gastrointestinal niche, there is growing …

The development of the microbiome from infancy to childhood is dependent on a range of
factors, with microbial–immune crosstalk during this time thought to be involved in the …