During the past 40 years, cytokines and cytokine receptors have been extensively
investigated as either cancer targets or cancer treatments. A strong preclinical rationale …

Preclinical studies of the T cell growth factor activity of IL-2 resulted in this cytokine
becoming the first immunotherapy to be approved nearly 30 years ago by the US Food and …

CD8+ T cell exhaustion dampens antitumor immunity. Although several transcription factors
have been identified that regulate T cell exhaustion, the molecular mechanisms by which …

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease involving the destruction of both soft and hard tissue
in the periodontal region. Although dysbiosis of the local microbial community initiates local …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorder. The
pathogenesis of IBD is not yet clear. Studies have shown that the imbalance between T …

Abstract Cytokine therapy, involving interleukin-15 (IL-15), is a promising strategy for cancer
immunotherapy. However, clinical application has been limited due to severe toxicity and …

Cytokines are secreted signalling proteins that play essential roles in the initiation,
maintenance and resolution of immune responses. Although the unique ability of cytokines …

Cytokines are secreted or membrane-presented molecules that mediate broad cellular
functions, including development, differentiation, growth and survival. Accordingly, the …

Summary Rewiring exhausted CD8+ T (Tex) cells toward functional states remains a
therapeutic challenge. Tex cells are epigenetically programmed by the transcription factor …

BACKGROUND A previous phase I study showed that the infusion of autologous Tregs
expanded ex vivo into patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) had an excellent …