This review article summarizes major and representative developments in vehicle emissions
regulations, engine efficiency, and emission control from 2017. The article starts with the key …

This review paper summarizes major and representative developments in vehicular
emissions regulations and technologies from 2015. The paper starts with the key regulatory …

Recent increases in the Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards have led to
widespread adoption of vehicles equipped with gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engines …

The cold-start condition is an important factor affecting vehicle emissions from gasoline
direct injection (GDI) and port fuel injection (PFI) vehicles. This paper studied the recent …

Black carbon (BC) is of significant interest from a human exposure perspective but also due
to its impacts as a short-lived climate pollutant. In this study, sources of BC influencing air …

The particulate matter (PM) emissions of gasoline vehicles were much lower than those of
diesel vehicles until the introduction of diesel particulate filters (DPFs) in the early 2000s. At …

In this study, distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNM) were built to characterize the non-
linear exposure-lag-response relationship between the concentration of PM 2.5 and O 3 and …

To improve ambient air quality, several countries have adopted regulations setting stringent
limits on vehicular tailpipe emissions of particulates. The issue of high particulate emissions …

Particulate black carbon (BC) affects global warming by absorbing the solar radiation, by
affecting cloud formation, and by decreasing ground albedo when deposited to snow or ice …

Road transport significantly contributes to air pollution in cities. Emission regulations have
led to significantly reduced emissions in modern vehicles. Particle emissions are controlled …