Leaf senescence, the last stage of leaf development, is a type of postmitotic senescence and
is characterized by the functional transition from nutrient assimilation to nutrient …

Oxidative stress is a complex chemical and physiological phenomenon that accompanies
virtually all biotic and abiotic stresses in higher plants and develops as a result of …

Environmental contamination by hazardous environmental pollutants is a widespread and
increasingly serious problem confronting society, scientists, and regulators worldwide …

Various abiotic stresses lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in
plants which are highly reactive and toxic and cause damage to proteins, lipids …

DNA is one of the prime molecules, and its stability is of utmost importance for proper
functioning and existence of all living systems. Genotoxic chemicals and radiations exert …

Background Inhibition of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) with atezolizumab can induce
durable clinical benefit (DCB) in patients with metastatic urothelial cancers, including …

Background PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) has been found in the nuclei of yeast,
plant and animal cells that undergo cell division, suggesting a function in cell cycle …

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation directly affects plants and microorganisms, but also alters the
species-specific interactions between them. The distinct bands of UV radiation, UV-A, UV-B …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are produced in many
places in living cells and at an increased rate during biotic or abiotic stress. ROS and RNS …

Salinity is an issue impairing crop production across the globe. Under salinity stress,
besides the osmotic stress and Na+ toxicity, ROS (reactive oxygen species) …