Flavonoids are a special category of hydroxylated phenolic compounds having an aromatic
ring structure. Quercetin is aspecial subclass of flavonoid. It is a bioactive natural compound …

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a means by which plants can regenerate bipolar structures
from a somatic cell. During the process of cell differentiation, the explant responds to …

Auxin participates in a multitude of developmental processes, as well as responses to
environmental cues. Compared with other plant hormones, auxin exhibits a unique property …

Under the natural environment, nutrient signals interact with phytohormones to coordinate
and reprogram plant growth and survival. Sugars are important molecules that control …

Plants possess an effective immune system to combat most microbial attackers. The
activation of immune responses to biotrophic pathogens requires the hormone salicylic acid …

Abstract Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays a critical multi-faceted role in the regulation
of the cell cycle. It is known to dephosphorylate over 300 substrates involved in the cell …

Phytophthora species are notorious pathogens of several economically important crop
plants. Several general elicitors, commonly referred to as Pathogen-Associated Molecular …

Abstract The PIN-FORMED (PIN) protein family of auxin transporters mediates polar auxin
transport and has crucial roles in plant growth and development,. Here we present cryo …

Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates numerous developmental processes and adaptive stress
responses in plants. Many ABA signaling components have been identified, but their …

In plants, salicylic acid (SA) is a hormone that mediates a plant's defense against pathogens.
SA also takes an active role in a plant's response to various abiotic stresses, including …