Endothelial dysfunction is a major contributing factor to diseases such as atherosclerosis,
diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, acute lung injury, preeclampsia, among others …

Tumor suppressor activation or reactivation has long been a sought-after, yet elusive,
therapeutic strategy for human cancer. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is one of …

Over 25 years ago, a seminal paper demonstrated that the ubiquitin-proteasome system
(UPS) was involved in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Interest in this topic began to …

Glioma is the most frequent and malignant primary human brain tumor with dismal prognosis
despite multimodal therapy. Resveratrol and quercetin, two structurally related and naturally …

The primary afferent nociceptor was used as a model system to study mechanisms of pain
induced by chronic opioid administration. Repeated intradermal injection of the selective mu …

The neuronal excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3) is fairly ubiquitously expressed in
the brain, though it does not necessarily maintain the same function everywhere. It is …

Canonically, opioids influence cells by binding to a G protein–coupled opioid receptor,
initiating intracellular signaling cascades, such as protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3 …

Opiate abuse alters the progression of human immunodeficiency virus and may increase the
risk of neuroAIDS. As neuroAIDS is associated with altered microglial reactivity, the …

Opioids have been used as potent analgesics in clinics for decades; however, their long-
term administration leads to tolerance. Two possible mechanisms for drug tolerance are …

Neurons responsible for sensing noxious stimuli and conducting pain signals from periphery
to the spinal cord are predominantly glutamatergic. Members of the SLC1A family of high …