Although it was thought that apoptotic cells, when rapidly phagocytosed, underwent a silent
death that did not trigger an immune response, in recent years a new concept of …

The innate immune system deploys a variety of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) which
include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and C-type lectin …

Nanozyme‐based catalytic tumor therapy is an emerging therapeutic method with high
reactivity in response to tumor microenvironments (TMEs). To overcome the current …

Compared with conventional tumor photothermal therapy (PTT), mild‐temperature PTT
brings less damage to normal tissues, but also tumor thermoresistance, introduced by the …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in the innate immune response and the
subsequent induction of adaptive immune responses against microbial infection or tissue …

The tumor cell signaling pathways that trigger the uncontrolled proliferation, resistance to
apoptosis, metastasis and escape from immune surveillance are partially understood. Toll …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to a class of pattern-recognition receptors that play an
important role in host defense against pathogens by recognizing a wide variety of pathogen …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved molecules that specifically recognize
common microbial patterns, and have a critical role in innate and adaptive immunity …

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are danger signals (or alarmins) alerting
immune cells through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to begin defense activity …

Due to the rapid increase of new information on the multiple roles of Toll-like receptors
(TLRs), this paper reviews several main properties of TLRs and their ligands and signaling …