Neopterin (NPT) is a member of pteridines group, synthesized by macrophages when
stimulated by interferon gamma (INF-γ). NPT is regarded as a macrophage stimulation …

Periodontitis is a polymicrobial disorder caused by dysbiosis. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.
gingivalis) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) are pathobiont related to …

Abstract Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, which serves as both a
cytokine and a nuclear factor. IL-33 is primarily expressed by keratinocytes, epithelial and …

In a previous integrative single-case study, we collected biological, psychological and social
time-series data on a 25-year-old healthy woman over the course of 126 12-h intervals (63 …

Carotenoid astaxanthin (Ax), a pink-red pigment, with its anti-oxidative feature, is useful as a
therapeutic element for numerous diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the …

The most fatal malignancy of the central nervous system (CNS) is glioblastoma. Brain cancer
is a 'cold'tumor because of fewer immunoregulatory cells and more immunosuppressive …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease of widely unknown etiology and
pathophysiology. In this integrative single-case study on a patient with RA, we had the …

Neopterin (Np), a catabolic product of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), is synthesized by
human macrophages and is an important indicator of cellular immune system activation. Np …

Breast cancer (BC) is widely recognized as a prevalent contributor to cancer mortality and
ranks as the second most prevalent form of cancer among women across the globe. Hence …

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease of the joints with unknown
etiology. treatment therapy is carried out to reduce the symptoms of inflammation, one of …