Heterophils play an indispensable role in the immune defense of the avian host. To
accomplish this defense, heterophils use sophisticated mechanisms to both detect and …

In order to develop novel solutions to avian disease problems, including novel vaccines
and/or vaccine adjuvants, and the identification of disease resistance genes which can feed …

The expression levels of mRNA encoding a panel of 28 chicken cytokines and chemokines
were quantified in intestinal lymphocytes following Eimeria acervulina and Eimeria tenella …

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis
supplementation on growth performance, jejunal lesion scores, oocyst shedding, and …

Coccidiosis, a major intestinal parasitic disease of poultry, induces a cell-mediated immune
response against the etiologic agent of the disease, Eimeria. In the current study, the …

Day-old chicks are very susceptible to infections with Salmonella enterica subspecies. The
gut mucosa is the initial site of host invasion and provides the first line of defense against the …

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic
supplementation in broiler chicken diets on growth performance, feed efficiency, intestinal …

Newly hatched chickens are confronted by a wide array of pathogenic microbes because
their adaptive immune defences have limited capabilities to control these pathogens. In such …

This chapter describes the current state of knowledge of avian cytokines, concentrating on
the chicken. It describes the different families of cytokines and their receptors, reagents and …

The immune system of neonatal chicks is functionally immature during the first week of life.
Researchers have previously demonstrated that the avian humoral response can be …