Globins are haem‐proteins that bind O2 and thus play an important role in the animal's
respiration and oxidative energy production. However, globins may also have other …

Insights into the evolution of hemoglobins and their genes are an abundant source of ideas
regarding hemoglobin function and regulation of globin gene expression. This article …

Most proteins associate into multimeric complexes with specific architectures,, which often
have functional properties such as cooperative ligand binding or allosteric regulation. No …

Animals that sustain high levels of aerobic activity under hypoxic conditions (eg, birds that fly
at high altitude) face the physiological challenge of jointly optimizing blood-O2 affinity for O2 …

In air-breathing vertebrates at high altitude, fine-tuned adjustments in hemoglobin (Hb)–O2
affinity provide an energetically efficient means of mitigating the effects of arterial …

A fundamental question in evolutionary genetics concerns the extent to which adaptive
phenotypic convergence is attributable to convergent or parallel changes at the molecular …

When different species experience similar selection pressures, the probability of evolving
similar adaptive solutions may be influenced by legacies of evolutionary history, such as …

A key question in evolutionary genetics is why certain mutations or certain types of mutation
make disproportionate contributions to adaptive phenotypic evolution. In principle, the …

During vertebrate evolution, duplicated hemoglobin (Hb) genes diverged with respect to
functional properties as well as the developmental timing of expression. For example, the …

If the fitness effects of amino acid mutations are conditional on genetic background, then
mutations can have different effects depending on the sequential order in which they occur …