A group of European experts was commissioned by the European Chapter of the
International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology to gather knowledge about the state of …

The key to designing an implantable device lies in condensing the synergistic effects of
diagnostic and therapeutic methods in a single tool. In conjunction with the integration of …

Background This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in 2010,
Issue 9, and last updated in 2014, Issue 4. Non‐invasive brain stimulation techniques aim to …

Since the phantom limb sensation was first described by the French military surgeon
Ambroise Pare in the 16th century, the number of studies surrounding phantom limb pain …

Background High-frequency rTMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has
demonstrated mixed effects on chronic and provoked pain. Objectives/Methods In this study …

Sleep disturbances (eg, difficulty to initiate or maintain sleep) and poor sleep quality are
major health concerns that accompany several neurological and neuropsychiatric clinical …

Promising results in adult neurologic and psychiatric disorders are driving active research
into transcranial brain stimulation techniques, particularly transcranial magnetic stimulation …

Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non‐invasive technique
that allows cortical stimulation. Recent studies have shown that rTMS of the primary motor …

Background While transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been studied for the
treatment of psychiatric disorders, emerging evidence supports its use for pain and …

The treatment of neuropathic pain by neuromodulation is an objective for more than 40
years in modern clinical practice. With respect to spinal cord and deep brain structures, the …