Directed evolution has revolutionized biomolecular engineering by applying cycles of
mutation, amplification and selection to genes of interest (GOIs). However, classical directed …

Enzymes can be engineered at the level of their amino acid sequences to optimize key
properties such as expression, stability, substrate range, and catalytic efficiency─ or even to …

Despite the availability of Cas9 variants with varied protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM)
compatibilities, some genomic loci—especially those with pyrimidine-rich PAM sequences …

Over 20 years ago, the pyrrolysine encoding translation system was discovered in specific
archaea. Our Review provides an overview of how the once obscure pyrrolysyl-tRNA …

CRISPR–Cas9 genome engineering is a powerful technology for correcting genetic
diseases. However, the targeting range of Cas9 proteins is limited by their requirement for a …

Abstract Background Sugar esters (SEs) are non-ionic amphiphilic surfactants that possess
excellent emulsifying properties, and consequently have potential applications in the food …

Conditional protein degradation tags (degrons) are usually> 100 amino acids long or are
triggered by small molecules with substantial off-target effects, thwarting their use as specific …

Directed evolution is a powerful technique that uses principles of natural evolution to enable
the development of biomolecules with novel functions. However, the slow pace of natural …

Rapid and in-depth exploration of the chemical space of high-molecular-weight synthetic
polypeptides via ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride allows the discovery of …

Careful consideration of how we approach design is crucial to all areas of biotechnology.
However, choosing or developing an effective design methodology is not always easy as …