Iron is the 4th most abundant element on Earth and is found naturally in the water in diverse
forms. It is a vital mineral nutrient, which acts as a co-factor for many enzymes and plays role …

Cultural tourism expanded in the last half of the twentieth century, and the interest of visitors
has come to include caves containing archaeological remains. Some show caves attracted …

Volcanic caves are filled with colorful microbial mats on the walls and ceilings. These
volcanic caves are found worldwide, and studies are finding vast bacteria diversity within …

Three identical lab-scale biofilters were employed to optimize the start-up process for
simultaneous removal of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and ammonia from potable water …

In this study, three bacteria with high Fe-and Mn-oxidizing capabilities were isolated from
groundwater well sludge and identified as Acinetobacter sp., Bacillus megaterium and …

Moonmilk is a karstic speleothem mainly composed of fine calcium carbonate crystals
(CaCO3) with different textures ranging from pasty to hard, in which the contribution of biotic …

Morgana Cave is located in Val di Scerscen, Central Italian Alps. The cave opens at an
altitude of 2,600 m asl close to the retreating glacier Vedretto di Scerscen, and its entrance …

Low-pressure ultrafiltration membrane (LPM) is an ideal technology for decentralized water
supply. However, the applicability for removing ferrous iron (Fe 2+), manganese (Mn 2+) …

The paintings from Tomba della Scimmia, in Tuscany, are representative of the heavy
bacterial colonization experienced in most Etruscan necropolises. The tomb remained open …

Abstract Treatment of industrial thallium (Tl)-containing wastewater is crucial for mitigating
environmental risks and health threats associated with this toxic metal. The incorporation of …