Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota play a crucial role in the bidirectional
communication between the gut and the brain suggesting that the gut microbes may shape …

Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, are essential for modulating neurogenesis,
influencing synaptic remodeling, and regulating neuroinflammation by surveying the brain …

Abstract Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental conditions
characterized by social and behavioural impairments. In addition to neurological symptoms …

Evidence from cross-sectional human studies, and preliminary microbial-based intervention
studies, have implicated the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the neurobiology of autism …

Background Different dietary approaches, such as gluten and casein free diets, or the use of
probiotics and prebiotics have been suggested in autistic spectrum disorders in order to …

This systematic review aims to offer an updated understanding of the relationship between
gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children and …

Children with autism spectrum disorders often display dysregulated immune responses and
related gastrointestinal symptoms. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to the …

The gut microbiome has a measurable impact on the brain, influencing stress, anxiety,
depressive symptoms and social behaviour. This microbiome–gut–brain axis may be …

Microorganisms can be found almost anywhere, including in and on the human body. The
collection of microorganisms associated with a certain location is called a microbiota, with its …

Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by difficulty with social communication and
restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interest, or activities. The Diagnostic and Statistical …