Reliable estimates on the ages of the major bee clades are needed to further understand the
evolutionary history of bees and their close association with flowering plants. Divergence …

For nearly 100 million years, the India subcontinent drifted from Gondwana until its collision
with Asia some 50 Ma, during which time the landmass presumably evolved a highly …

Eocene Baltic amber forms the largest amber deposit worldwide; however, its source
vegetation and climate are much debated. Representatives of the oak family (Fagaceae) …

Vascular-plant hosts, their arthropod herbivores, and associated functional feeding groups
are distributed spatiotemporally into four major herbivore expansions during the past 420 my …

A new mantispid genus and species Symphrasites eocenicus gen. sp. nov. is described from
the Middle Eocene of the Messel Pit fossil site, Germany. It has been placed, with …

Among the many inclusions from the exceptionally rich fossiliferous amber of Zhangpu,
China (Middle Miocene: Langhian), stingless bees (Apinae: Meliponini) are particularly …

Most major modern families of Hymenoptera were established in the Mesozoic, but the
diversifications within ecologically key trophic guilds and lineages that significantly influence …

The ichnospecies Phagophytichnus pseudocircus isp. nov. is described to include trace
fossils characterized by leaf‐margin excisions showing eccentricity values of 0.35–0.65 and …

The bees comprise a derived monophyletic group (Anthophila) of pollenconsuming
(secondarily phytophagous) wasps of the superfamily Apoidea, and that diverged from a …

Iconic examples of insect pollination have emphasized narrowly specialized pollinator
mutualisms such as figs and fig wasps [1] and yuccas and yucca moths [2]. However, recent …