Background In the past 15 years, impressive progress has been made to understand the
molecular mechanism behind aneuploidy, largely due to the effort of using various-omics …

Cancer is a complex disease: its pathology cannot be properly understood in terms of
independent players—genes, proteins, molecular pathways, or their simple combinations …

Cancer research is at a crossroads. Traditionally, cancer has been thought of as a disease
of gene mutation, where the stepwise accumulation of cancer gene mutations is the key, and …

Current cytogenetics has largely focused its efforts on the identification of recurrent
karyotypic alterations, also known as clonal chromosomal aberrations (CCAs). The rationale …

Background: The postgenomic era is featured by massive data collection and analyses from
various large scale-omics studies. Despite the promising capability of systems biology and …

In this article, some new aspects of unified cell bioenergetics are presented. From the
perspective of unified cell bioenergetics certain subsequent stages of cancer development …

Large-scale genomic projects have unexpectedly challenged the current approach of
focusing on genes in disease studies. As common gene mutations are difficult to identify for …

Cancer originates from somatic cells that have accumulated mutations. These mutations
alter the phenotype of the cells, allowing them to escape homeostatic regulation that …

Big‐data‐omics have promised the success of precision medicine. However, most common
diseases belong to adaptive systems where the precision is all but difficult to achieve. In this …

Background Clonal expansion of leukemic cells leads to onset of adult T-cell leukemia
(ATL), an aggressive lymphoid malignancy with a very poor prognosis. Infection with human …