The concept of immunological memory stipulates that past exposures shape present
immune function. These exposures include not only specific antigens impacting adaptive …

Infections during the first 1000 days—the period from conception to a child's second birthday—
can have lifelong effects on health, because this is a crucial phase of growth and …

Although tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death from an infectious
disease worldwide, the development of vaccines more effective than bacille Calmette …

Helminths are parasitic nematodes and trematodes, grouped together because of
morphological similarities and commonalities in the effects infections have on hosts. These …

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are public health problems widely
distributed in the world and cause significant morbidity and mortality; many of which occur …

Helminth infections are among the neglected tropical diseases affecting billions of people
globally, predominantly in developing countries. Helminths' effects are augmented by …

Pregnancy may influence cellular immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We
investigated M. tuberculosis-specific interferon-γ responses in women followed …

Poor birth outcomes in low-and middle income countries are associated with maternal
vitamin D deficiency and chronic helminth infections. Here, we investigated whether …

The myeloid C-type lectin receptor (CLR) MINCLE senses the mycobacterial cell wall
component trehalose-6, 6'-dimycolate (TDM). Recently, we found that IL-4 downregulates …

Background: BCG has low efficacy in tropical countries. We hypothesized that maternal
latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection (LTBI) results in fetal tolerance to …