When a flashed stimulus is followed by a backward mask, subjects fail to perceive it unless
the target-mask interval exceeds a threshold duration of about 50 ms. Models of conscious …

In masking, a stimulus is rendered invisible through the presentation of a second stimulus
shortly after the first. Over the years, authors have typically explained masking by postulating …

Previous experience allows the brain to predict what comes next. How these expectations
affect conscious experience is poorly understood. In particular, it is unknown whether and …

Object substitution masking (OSM) occurs when a sparse (eg, four-dot), temporally trailing
mask obscures the visibility of a briefly presented target. Here, we review theories of OSM …

Attention has been defined as a filter, a limited resource, a spotlight, a zoom lens, and even
as a glue that binds disconnected visual features into a coherent object. Here, I claim that all …

Endogenous control of visual search can influence search guidance at the level of a
supradimensional topographic saliency map [Wolfe, JM Guided Search 2.0: A revised model …

In common-onset visual masking (COVM) the target and the mask come into view
simultaneously. Masking occurs when the mask remains on the screen for longer after …

A recent study by our group showed that the scaling of reach trajectories to target size is
independent of conscious visual awareness of that intrinsic target property (Binsted et al. in …

Information-processing bottlenecks are characteristic of many cognitive and neural systems.
One such bottleneck is revealed by tasks in which rapidly successive stimulus events must …

A moon near to the horizon is perceived larger than a moon at the zenith, although—
obviously—the moon does not change its size. In this study, the neural mechanisms …